ASTM D501-89(1998)

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.

1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:

Sections Caustic Soda: Sampling 5 Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 6 to 8 Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) 9 to 11 Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 12 Carbon Dioxide (CO ) by the Evolution Method 13 to 16 Soda Ash: Sampling 17 Matter Volatile at 150 to 155C 18 and 19 Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 20 to 22 Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) 23 to 25 Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) by Potentiometric Titration 26 to 28 Matter Insoluble in Water 29 and 30 Apparent Density 31 and 32 Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type): Sampling 33 Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 34 to 36 Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) and Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 37 to 39 Matter Insoluble in Water 40 Sodium Bicarbonate: Sampling 41 Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free Moisture 42 to 45 Matter Insoluble in Water 46 Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosilicate: Sampling 47 Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 48 to 50 Total Silica as SiO 51 to 53 Sodium Metasilicate (Na SiO 5H O) 54 Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na O 2SiO 11H O) 55 Matter Insoluble in Water 56 and 57 Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na O 2SiO 11H O) 58 and 59 Sodium Orthosilicate (Na SiO ) 60 Trisodium Phosphate: Sampling 61 Trisodium Phosphate (Na PO ) Content and Phosphorus Pen- toxide (P O ) 62 to 64 Trisodium Phosphate Calculated as Na PO 12H O, Na PO H O, Na PO , and as P O 65 to 68 Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 69 to 71 Matter Insoluble in Water 72 and 73 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate: Sampling 74 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate (Na P O ) 75 to 79 Matter Insoluble in Water 80 and 81 Loss on Ignition 82 and 83 Borax: Sampling 84 Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity 85 to 87 Matter Insoluble in Water 88 and 89 Sodium Triphosphate: Sampling 90 Tritratable Na O 91 to 94 Total P O : Preferred Method 95 to 97 Alternative Method 98 to 101 pH Titration 102 to 107 Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates: Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography (Preferred Method) 108 to 119 Paper Chromatographic Method 120 to 127 pH of 1 percent Solution 128 Turbidity 129 Temperature Rise 130 to 134 Sulfate 135 to 137 Ignition Loss 140 to 141 Matter Insoluble in Water 142 to 144 Particle Size 145 Orthophosphate 146 to 151

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.